Friday, 27 July 2018

Citrix Interview Questions- 3

1. What is Citrix receiver? And which version are you using?

Citrix Receiver is an easy-to-install software client that lets you access your desktops, applications and data easily and securely from any device, including smartphones, tablets, PCs and Macs. Working with a Citrix-enabled IT infrastructure, Receiver gives you the mobility, convenience and freedom you need to get your work done.

2. What is IMA? And what is the importance of it?

IMA - Independent Management Architecture.
               It is use full for communication between server to server and server to management console.
 It provides centralized framework for server to server communication.
 It runs on all XenApp servers by default.
 It uses TCP Port 2512 for communication from server to server through messages.

3. How to find which is Data Collector?

By using “Qfarm/load” command , we can able to find which XenApp server is Data Collector.
For identifying the DC IP address of the XenApp server is Post fix with “D”
              Ex: 192.168.1.4D

4. What are XenApp versions?

Presentation Server 4.5
XenApp5.0
Xenapp6.0
XenApp6.5

5. What is shadowing & how to use shadowing?

“Shadowing” is a powerful tool for you to assist and monitor users.
Shadowing is useful for view another user’s session on another device.
By using shadowing you can monitor the session activity as if you are watching the screen of the client device that initiated the session.

6. How to find a user connected to which Xenapp server?

              open App Center -> Farm -> Applications  ->  users tab.

7. How to find which is Database server?

C:\Program Files(x86)\Citrix\Independent Management Artechitecture\mf20

8. Which is the Database server/edition using in your company?

SQL server 2008 R2.
   

9. How to migrate datastore database from SQL2000 to SQL2005 OR How to recover datastore database?

  Restore the DB to new server
  Change mf20.dsn on all servers starting with data collectors
  Restart IMA service on all servers

10. How to find out the datastore database server name?

           Examine the DSN file which contains the connection details to the database.
           C:\Program Files\Citrix\Independent Management Architecture\MF20.dsn
           The following is an example of an MF20.dsn file from a server connecting to a remote SQL
instance:
[ODBC]
DRIVER=SQL Server
UID=useraccount
Address=MySqlServer,1433
Network=DBMSSOCN
DATABASE=myfarmdb
WSID=MyMfServer
APP=Citrix IMA
SERVER=MySqlServer

11. How to verify Datastore DB connectivity?

         To determine if a server is communicating regularly with the data store, check the following,
         Registry Key:               
         HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\CITRIX\IMA\DataStoreFailureTime
         If the value is all zeros, the MetaFrame server is communicating with the data store.

12. How often does the member servers check datastore database?

         By default for every 30 minutes.

13. What are the basic components required for XenApp installation?

1. Windows server 2008 R2 (64-bit)
2. .Net Framework 3.5 SP1
3. Windows server Remote Desktop Services (RDS) role.
4. Windows application server role.
5. Microsoft visual C++ 2005 SP1
                                       C++ 2008 SP1 (64-bit)
6. Install IIS Service.
7. SQL 2005/2008/2012
       -Microsoft SQL server 2008 Express SP3
       -Microsoft SQL server 2008 R2 Express
       -Microsoft SQL server 2008 R2
       -Microsoft SQL server 2008 SP2
       -Microsoft SQL server 2008 SP4
       -Oracle 11g R2 Enterprise Edition.
               8. RDS (Remote Desktop Services)/Terminal Services.
               9. Java JRE
              10. Citrix Licenses and RDS Licenses.
              11. Citrix App Center Console.

14. What is ITIL?

The Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) is a set of practices for IT service management (ITSM) that focuses on aligning IT services with the needs of business
TIL describes processes, procedures, tasks and checklists that are not organization-specific, used by an organization for establishing integration with the organization's strategy, delivering value and maintaining a minimum level of competency. It allows the organization to establish a baseline from which it can plan, implement, and measure. It is used to demonstrate compliance and to measure improvement.

ITIL 2007 has five volumes, published in May 2007, and updated in July 2011 as ITIL 2011 for consistency:
1. ITIL Service Strategy: understands organizational objectives and customer needs.[5]
2. ITIL Service Design: turns the service strategy into a plan for delivering the business objectives.[6]
3. ITIL Service Transition: develops and improves capabilities for introducing new services into supported environments.[7]
4. ITIL Service Operation: manages services in supported environments.[8]
5. ITIL Continual Service Improvement: achieves services incremental and large-scale improvements.[9]


15. What is Virtual  IP in web interface?

A virtual IP address (VIP or VIPA) is an IP address assigned to multiple applications residing on a single server, multiple domain names, or multiple servers, rather than being assigned to a specific single server or network interface card (NIC). Incoming data packets are sent to the VIP address which are routed to actual network interface.


16. What is Hosted Share Desktop (HSD) and Hosted Virtual Desktop (HVD)? Explain differences between them ?

Hosted Shared Desktops: A published desktop on XenApp. Users get a desktop interface, which can look like Windows 7. However, that desktop is actually being shared by every user on the server. Although we can configure restrictions and redirections to allow users to have a smaller impact on each other, there is still a risk. Many users to one desktop.
Hosted Virtual Desktops:  A Windows 7/XP desktop running as a virtual machine where a single user connects remotely. One user’s desktop is not impacted by another user’s desktop configurations. Think of this as one user to one desktop. There are many flavors for the hosted virtual desktop model (existing, installed, pooled, dedicated and streamed), but they are all located within the data center

17. What are the differences between Receiver and Web plug-in?

Citrix Receiver is an easy to install software client that lets you access your desktops, application and data easily and securely from any device.
Citrix web plug-in allows users of any operating system to connect to virtual desktop applications. For browser web plug-in are needed.

18. What roles available in XenApp?

Common Roles:
License Server
Web Interface
Merchandising Server
     
Other Roles:
Secure Gateway
Power and Capacity Management Administration
EdgeSight Server

            Role Subcomponents:
                     Default Components:
XenApp Server
XenApp Management
Windows Desktop Experience Integration
                     Other Components:
XML Service IIS Integration
EdgeSight Agent
Single Sign-On Plug-in
Power and Capacity Management Agent

19. How to find which Xenapp server you are running?

XenApp 6.0 or later— Goto Citrix Delivery Services Console > Farm > Expand Services > Click on any server > In the left side click on information or also look at the attachment.
Presentation Server – Goto Citrix Access Management Console > Farm > Click on any server in the farm > then, there is dropdown arrow > It contain alerts, information > click on information > then you can find out details.

20. How do you configure XenApp to EdgeSight?

Install Edgesight server:
 Before install Edgesight server install prerequestisites(.net frame work, IIS, asp.net, message queeing service, sql) > install Edgesight 5.4 > open browser give computer name\Edge Sight > we will get edgesight > give necessary information.
Install Edgesight Agent:
Install Edgesight Agent in XenApp server and give necessary things.

21. What is the use of Citrix profile manger?

Citrix Profile Manager ensures that the user’s personal settings are applied to the user’s virtual desktop and applications, regardless of the location and end point devices.
Profile management is enabled through profile optimization service that provides an easy, reliable way for managing these settings in windows environment to ensure a consistent experience by maintaining a single profile that follows the user.

22. Which type of hardware server you are using in your organization?

We are using M610 blade servers.

23. How will you remove Citrix server from the farm?

         If the server is unresponsive, remove it by right click on server in the console.
         For functional server, remove it from add/remove programs
         use CHFARM command

24. How will you remove citrix server from the datastore DB?

When citrix is uninstalled from the server, it cleans the entry from data store database. Additionally you can run this command to remove the entry from Datastore DB.
DSCHECK /servername


25. How to clean up datastore database?

DSCHEK without parameters will check for consistency and clean up the database. /clean parameter can be used to clean up specific server/application from the datastore but use with caution.

26. How to recover Citrix License Server?

The Citrix servers can function without contacting the license server and it is 30-days fault tolerant, and in Enterprise version an alert can be set with Resource Manager to send an email in case of License Server Connection Failure. If the license server reconnects at any time in the thirty days the problem resolves itself. If the server is not going to come back up, then the license file, digitally signed with the case-sensitive hostname of the old license server, is the critical component. The license file, a *.lic file, can be backed up to a thumb drive separately, and restored to a new server with the same name of the old license server, and the Citrix License server software installed.

27. What is new in XenApp 6.5?

   Session Lingering
  Session Pre-Launch
  App Center
  Load Evaluators assigned to Worker Groups or OUs instead of individual servers
  Datastore and Zone information configured via GPO
  Sesssion Only and Controller roles
  Desktop Director web console can manage XenApp sessions
  MultiStream ICA – ica traffic can be split into four separate TCP streams if required
  Log On control feauture to drain users.

28. What is Printer driver replication and mapping?

Printer driver replication means if you have a network printer and if you want to share it among other Citrix servers, then we can replicate that driver to be used by all the Citrix servers or for few selected Citrix servers, however that driver should be installed in the Citrix server from which we are replicating the driver.
Printer mapping relates to mapping the driver software for specific domain users only, these can be dont by right clicking on the driver or by the printer option on the left plane of Citrix presentation server console.

29. What is Client Lock Down?

Typically ‘client lockdown’ is the process of securing an endpoint so that the user can only access authorised features. An example of this would be turning the device into a ‘Thin Client’ by locking it down so that an end user can only connect to published apps or desktops and can not use other features.

30. How do you manage remote hardware through HP iLo, DRack, etc?

If remote server is down by using HP ILO, DELL DRACK, IBM RSN we can able to connect to that server.
If we need to reestablish the server Break/prohibit the problematic server and login into the server by using HP ILO, DELL DRACK, IBM RSN.

31. What are change / problem / RCA / SLA?

         Root cause analysis (RCA) is a method of problem solving that tries to identify the root         causes of faults or problems that cause operating events.
RCA practice tries to solve problems by attempting to identify and correct the root causes of events, as opposed to simply addressing their symptoms. By focusing correction on root causes, problem recurrence can be prevented. RCFA (Root Cause Failure Analysis) recognizes that complete prevention of recurrence by one corrective action is not always possible.
A service-level agreement (SLA) is a part of a service contract where a service is formally defined. In practice, the term SLA is sometimes used to refer to the contracted delivery time (of the service or performance)
Problem Management is the process responsible for managing the lifecycle of all problems. The primary objectives of Problem Management are to prevent problems and resulting incidents from happening, to eliminate recurring incidents, and to minimize the impact of incidents that cannot be prevented.

32. Explain some scripting languages you used?

VB Script
Java Script

33. If a user get an error invalid username & password even though if he has given correct information? What will you do as troubleshoot?

If user get an error invalid username & password even though he has given correct information may be there is a problem with XML Broker or Active Directory.
Troubleshoot:
1. If it is a problem with XML Broker verify XML Broker is listening or not properly by using following,
If you do a “Netstat –a” command from the CLI, you may see that it’s not listening on the XML port.
“CTXXMLSS  /u” first to unregister the service
“CTXXMLSS /r80” command to re-register the service on port 80
               2.  If the problem with Active Directory troubleshoot domain controller.
               3.  Otherwise check Event Viewer you will get some information about the error.

34. When users attempt to log on or launch applications through Web Interface is a  hung? How to troubleshoot?

Web Interface 5.1.1 contains a fix to address an issue where connections to unresponsive XML brokers were not timed out correctly. With Web Interface 5.1.1 and above the Web Interface server will failover to the next XML Broker in the list when the current XML Broker does not respond within the socket timeout.
Cause
A common cause of errors when users attempt to log on or launch applications through Web Interface is a hung or partially unresponsive XML broker.
Web Interface is typically configured with multiple XenApp servers as XML brokers in either failover or load balancing mode. Prior to version 5.1.1, when multiple XML brokers are configured, if any XML broker is able to respond over the network but unable to process requests from Web Interface, the Web Interface server simply waits for a response until it times out rather than failing over to the next XML broker configured on the site. The most common reason for the XML service to become unresponsive is because it is busy waiting for a response from the IMA service. Therefore if IMA on the XML broker is hung or unresponsive it impacts the XML service and so forth.
The end result is that new users logging on to Web Interface do not receive a list of applications for any farm. Web Interface times out (after approximately two minutes) with the error shown above. Additionally, end users who are already logged on are unable to launch applications.
Resolution
Upgrade to Web Interface 5.1.1 or later and configure the failed server bypass time and XML Service Communication settings for each farm.
A fix is included in Web Interface 5.1.1 that improves resiliency when XML brokers get into an unhealthy state. Web Interface now has the ability to not only detect when the IMA service is stopped or crashed but also when the IMA service is running but in a hung or unresponsive state.
Note: Although these settings are available in Web Interface version 5.0.1, that version does not provide for the scenario in which the IMA service is running but in a hung state.
1. Edit the farm configuration settings in the Web Interface console to bypass any failed (XML broker) server, allowing sufficient time for the unresponsive server to be detected and recovered or isolated.
Note: Be sure to leverage health monitoring tools such as (HMR) Health Monitoring and Recovery on the XML brokers.

2. In the Manage Server Farms window, highlight the farm and Select Advanced to configure socket pooling and XML Service communication for all farms.
3. Under XML Service Communication, configure a timeout value for the XML socket (the connection between Web Interface and the XML service). This setting determines the amount of time that Web Interface waits for a response from a request sent over XML.
4. Configure the number of attempts that Web Interface makes to the XML service.

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